[ref](https://doi.org/10.1016/S0263-8223(00)00138-0)

There are 3 types of impact models :

(1) energy-balance models, assume a quasi-static behavior of the structure; 
(2) spring-mass models, account for the dynamics of the structure in a simplified manner; 
(3) complete models, the dynamic behavior of the structure is fully modeled.